The changes follow a public consultation on a review of The Highway Code to improve road safety for people walking, cycling and riding horses. It ran from July to October 2020, and received more than 20,000 responses from the public, businesses and other organisations. Most people who responded were in favour of all the changes.
The code already explained that people cycling, riding a horse and driving a horse-drawn vehicle may stay in the left-hand lane of a roundabout when they intend to continue across or around the roundabout.
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Guidance has been added to explain that people driving should take extra care when entering a roundabout to make sure they do not cut across people cycling, riding a horse or driving a horse-drawn vehicle who are continuing around the roundabout in the left-hand lane.
Horse riding, with almost 200,000 participants, is the eighth most popular sport in Sweden. Severe injuries can occur with horse riding accidents which is well documented. This study was undertaken to investigate if injuries associated with horse riding are common, which type of injuries occur, what mechanisms are involved and to estimate the costs to the society.
All patients attending the emergency department at Linköping University Hospital, during the years 2003-2004, due to horse related trauma were prospectively recorded. The patients were divided into two groups according to age, 147 children and 141 adults. The medical records were retrospectively scrutinized.
The most common mechanism of injury was falling from the horse. Most commonly, minor sprains and soft tissue injuries were seen, but also minor head injuries and fractures, mainly located in the upper limb. In total 26 adults and 37 children were admitted. Of these 63 patients 19 were considered having a serious injury. In total, four patients needed treatment in intensive care units.
With almost 200 000 participants in Sweden (2% of the Swedish population), horse riding is the eighth most popular sport [[1]]. The number of horses in Sweden has increased from 70,000 in 1974 to 270 000 in 2004 [[2]].
The number of horses in the county of Östergötland in 2004 was 14 356, this is the fourth highest number among the counties in Sweden [[2]]. Linköping community hosts one third of the members of The Swedish Equestrian Federation in the county of Östergötland.
The Swedish Equestrian Federation reports that the interest for horse riding has increased over the years. The traditional use of horses as occupational animals has decreased, nowadays horse riding is mainly for recreation and competition.
The benefits from horse riding include learning to take responsibility and in calculating a greater respect for animals, however there are risks of injuries [[3]]. Former studies have postulated that the risk of injury during horse riding is at the same level as for most other sports performed by children (e.g. soccer, ice hockey). However, the severities of the injuries are disproportionately greater [[4]]. A study with focus on severity of injuries in childhood reviled that horse riding was the second worst mechanism of injury [[5]].
Results from previous studies shows that the most common horse related injuries are head injuries and fractures of the long bones. Horse related trauma is also more common among women, with a peak incidence at the age of 14 [[6]]. Horse-related trauma is expensive for the society and the affected person [[7]].
The aims of this study were to investigate if injuries associated with horse riding are as common as previously described, to determine the common types of injuries, and the mechanisms involved, and to estimate the costs to society.
All patients attending the emergency department at the Linköping University Hospital during the years 2003-2004, due to accidents related to horse riding or horse handling, were prospectively recorded. The patients were divided into two groups according to age. One group under the age of 19 years (Children) and one group 19 years of age or older (Adults). There were 157 Children and 162 Adults. The medical records were retrospectively scrutinized for details about the accident, the severity of the injuries and the given medical treatment. Ten Children were excluded due to lack of information. Among the Adults, a total of 21 were excluded, 19 due to lack of information and two as they were participants in a professional racing competition. Remaining were 147 Children and 141 Adults.
An estimation of the number of horses in the Linköping community was achieved from the Swedish Equestrian Federation in the county of Östergötland. The city of Linköping hosts one third of the members of the Swedish Equestrian Federation in the county. We compared the ratio of members to the total numbers of horses in the county and estimated that there are approximately 4500 horses in Linköping community. This was compared with, and found adequate, with local registers in the community.
In total (Children/Adults) 147/141 were included. There were 144/128 girls/women and 3/13 boys/men in the study. Age ranged from 3.5 - 18.7/19.2-70.1 median age was 13/33. The majority 131/97 of accidents happened with the rider mounted on the horse and the remainder 16/44 whilst taking care of, feeding or loading the horse onto a trailer.
There was a dominance of females in our study population (98% among Children, 91% among Adults) reflecting the fact that horse riding is more common among females. There was a higher rate of Adults (31%) being injured while dismounted than Children (11%). This is likely due to the fact that adults spend more time, before and after riding, taking care of the horse than children do. These findings are in correlation with previous studies presenting a rate of 15-23% [[8]-[11]].
A limitation in this study is that there is no official registry of the number of horses. The incidence rate that we have calculated reflects the fact that our study includes all accidents. When investigating racing sports for instance eventing figures are much higher [[19]].
Since the University Hospital in Linköping is the only hospital in the Linköping community (population of 150,000) that takes care of emergency cases, including horse accidents, we assume that the cases of horse related trauma in our study represents the typical horse riding population.
There was an estimated incidence of horse related injuries of 0.029/100 000 riding/caretaking hours. Further we found that falling from the horse was the most common mechanism of injury. Most injuries were located in the extremities but common also in the head and neck, which is in correlation with the literature.
Horse riding is a sport with well-known risks [[4],[20]]. Our results are in line with the literature in many instances, however we have not seen the same incidence of serious injuries, and find these to be fairly uncommon. The injuries are mainly minor with small risk of long term morbidity. Over time, regulations and safety equipment seems to have decreased the number of accidents, especially the serious injuries and made horse riding a relatively safe sport to perform.
The BLM offers wild horses and burros for adoption or purchase at events across the country throughout the year. The most current adoption and sale event schedule is provided below. All times are in local time and subject to change without notice. Please contact the National Information Center or the relevant BLM office for more information about a specific event.
$0 Value A parcel with a final land value, final building value, full reappraisal value, or a taxable market value of $0.00 typically indicates a change in value in the current tax year due to a change in property status (i.e. new construction, demolition, land use changes, dividing of parcels, etc.). The cadastral web site will display $0.00 value information for these parcels until an Assessment Notice has been mailed to the property owner during the following tax year formally notifying the property owner of the new value. For specific valuation information on a parcel, contact the local Department of Revenue office.
Successful applicants must provide their own horse. Do not bring horses that are not fit, stallions or late gestation mares, green-broke horses, or horses that have not had extensive outdoor use. Riders will work in teams and take orders from their assigned Team Leader.
At a minimum, tack shall include a breast collar; a crupper and flank cinch are also recommended. If horse, rider, or tack is not up to these standards, please do not apply. We are not able to reference or recommend Horse Lease or Rental Agents.
At what age should a horse stop being ridden? There is no set age for retiring your horse. Some horses have physical conditions or diseases that require an early retirement. Other horses can be ridden late into their life without issues. As a general rule, most horses should stop being ridden between 20 to 25 years old.
Any horse, no matter their age, still requires a decent amount of exercise. Although your horse may begin to show signs of age that indicate a need to slowly introduce retirement, it is still important to maintain their strength and flexibility into their senior years.
In this article, I am going to share some of the common signs that you may need to consider riding your horse less, as well as ideas for exercising your senior horse and keeping them in great condition for as long as possible.
If you take your horse on long trail rides or even just a casual ride with other horses, you may notice your horse has a hard time keeping up with the other horses. This is one of the biggest signs that is it likely time to decrease their riding and transition into more relaxed forms of exercise.
However, if your horse is still in the prime of life and experiencing difficulty keeping up with others, it is time to consult a veterinarian. In a younger horse, this could be a warning sign of an underlying health condition. 2ff7e9595c
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